ἐπιβάλλω

ἐπιβάλλω
ἐπιβάλλω (s. βάλλω) fut. ἐπιβαλῶ LXX; 2 aor. ἐπέβαλον, 3 pl. ἐπέβαλαν Mk 14:46 v.l.; Ac 21:27 v.l. (W-S. §13, 13; Mlt-H. 208); pf. 2 sg. ἐπιβέβληκας Ex 20:25. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. ἐπιβληθήσεται LXX; aor. 3 sg. ἐπεβλήθη LXX (Hom.+).
① to put on, trans., act.
ⓐ throw over τί τινι someth. on someone: βρόχον a noose 1 Cor 7:35 (perh. w. ref. to a halter that would help keep the wearers in check: ‘keep you on a tight rein’ REB). τί ἐπί τι Rv 18:19 v.l.
ⓑ lay on, put on ἱμάτιόν τινι (Lev 19:19.—Od. 14, 520 χλαῖναν) Mk 11:7; without the dat. 10:50 v.l. τὴν χεῖρα lay the hand (Dt 15:10) ἐπί τι on someth. Lk 9:62. τὰς χεῖρας hands τινί on someone violently (Polyb. 3, 2, 8; 3, 5, 5; Lucian, Tim. 4; UPZ 106, 19 [99 B.C.]; Jos., Bell. 2, 491; Esth 6:2; Just., D. 95, 4) Mk 14:46; Ac 4:3. Also ἐπί τινα (PLeid G 19 [II B.C.], H 26) Mt 26:50; Lk 20:19; 21:12; J 7:44 (ἔβαλεν v.l.); Ac 5:18; 21:27 (Just., D. 93, 4 μέχρις … τοῦ Χριστοῦ ‘even on the Messiah’). The sing. τ. χεῖρα in this connection is rare (Aristoph., Nub. 933, Lysistr. 440; Gen 22:12; 2 Km 18:12) no one laid a hand on him J 7:30. ἐ. τὰς χεῖρας foll. by inf. of purpose Ac 12:1; ἐπίβλημα ἐπὶ ἱματίῳ Mt 9:16; ἐπὶ ἱμάτιον Lk 5:36.
② set to, intr., act.
ⓐ throw oneself or beat upon (Pla., Phdr. 248a; Polyb. 5, 18, 3; 1 Macc 4:2) break over τὰ κύματα εἰς τὸ πλοῖον the waves broke over the boat Mk 4:37.
ⓑ The mng. of καὶ ἐπιβαλὼν ἔκλαιεν Mk 14:72 is in doubt. Theophylact. offers a choice betw. ἐπικαλυψάμενος τ. κεφαλήν (so ASchlatter, Zürcher Bibel ’31; Field, Notes 41–43; but in that case τὸ ἱμάτιον could scarcely be omitted) and ἀρξάμενος, which latter sense is supported by the v.l. ἤρξατο κλαίειν and can mean begin (PTebt 50, 12 [112/111 B.C.] ἐπιβαλὼν συνέχωσεν=‘he set to and dammed up’ [Mlt. 131f]; Diogen. Cyn. in Diog. L. 6, 27 ἐπέβαλε τερετίζειν). The transl. would then be and he began to weep (EKlostermann; OHoltzmann; JSchniewind; CCD; s. also B-D-F §308). Others (BWeiss; HHoltzmann; 20th Cent.; Weymouth; L-S-J-M) proceed fr. the expressions ἐ. τὸν νοῦν or τὴν διάνοιαν (Diod S 20, 43, 6) and fr. the fact that ἐ. by itself, used w. the dat., can mean think of (M. Ant. 10, 30; Plut., Cic. 862 [4, 4]; Ath. 7, 1 ‘deal with a problem’), to the mng. and he thought of it, or when he reflected on it., viz. Jesus’ prophecy. Wlh. ad loc. has urged against this view that it is made unnecessary by the preceding ἀνεμνήσθη κτλ. Least probable of all is the equation of ἐπιβαλών with ἀποκριθείς (HEwald) on the basis of Polyb. 1, 80, 1; 22, 3, 8; Diod S 13, 28, 5 ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη. Both REB (‘he burst into tears’) and NRSV (‘he broke down and wept’) capture the sense. Prob. Mk intends the reader to understand a wild gesture connected with lamentation (s. EdeMartino, Morte e pianto rituale nel mondo antico, ’58, esp. 195–235).
③ to be scheduled for someone’s possession, fall to, belong to, intr., act. an extension of mng. 2, τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος the part that falls to someone (Diod S 14, 17, 5; SIG 346, 36; 546 B, 19; 1106, 80; POxy 715, 13ff; PFouad 25 verso I, 12f; PFay 93, 8; cp. Tob 6:12; Ath., R. 49, 2 τῆς ἐπιβαλλούσης ἑκάστῳ χώρας ‘the place appropriate to each’—Dssm., NB 57 [BS 230]) Lk 15:12 (JDerrett, Law in the NT ’70, 106). Impers. ἐπιβάλλει τινί someone has opportunity or it is proper for someone (Polyb. 18, 51, 1; OGI 443, 10; UPZ 110, 10 [164 B.C.] πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει; Tob 3:17; Jos., Bell. 1, 434, Ant. 19, 6) Pol 1:1. Lk 15:12 that which belongs to me, ‘is coming to me’.
④ to apply oneself earnestly to someth., take someth. upon oneself, undertake (lit. ‘throw oneself upon’), mid. w. acc. (Thu. 6, 40, 2; UPZ 41, 26 [161/160 B.C.] πᾶν ὸ̔ ἂν ἐπιβάλλησθε; Just., D. 68, 1 w. inf.) πρᾶξιν Hm 10, 2, 2. πολλά Hs 6, 3, 5.—M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.

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  • ἐπιβάλλω — ἐπιβάλλον ephemeron neut nom/voc/acc dual ἐπιβάλλον ephemeron neut gen sg (doric aeolic) ἐπιβάλλω throw pres subj act 1st sg ἐπιβάλλω throw pres ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • επιβάλλω — επίβαλα και επέβαλα, επιβλήθηκα, επι(βε)βλημένος 1. μτβ., διατάζω, αναγκάζω: Επιβάλλω σιωπή. 2. μτβ., ορίζω (ποινή, πρόστιμο, τιμωρία): Το κράτος επέβαλε νέους φόρους. 3. το μέσ., επιβάλλομαι κατορθώνω να με υπακούουν, να με σέβονται, έχω επιβολή …   Νέο ερμηνευτικό λεξικό της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας (Новый толковании словарь современного греческого)

  • ἐπιβάλῃ — ἐπιβάλλω throw aor subj mp 2nd sg ἐπιβάλλω throw aor subj act 3rd sg ἐπιβά̱λῃ , ἐπιβάλλω throw aor subj mid 2nd sg (doric) ἐπιβά̱λῃ , ἐπιβάλλω throw aor subj act 3rd sg (doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβαλοῦσι — ἐπιβάλλω throw aor part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) ἐπιβάλλω throw fut part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric) ἐπιβάλλω throw fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβαλοῦσιν — ἐπιβάλλω throw aor part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) ἐπιβάλλω throw fut part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric) ἐπιβάλλω throw fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβεβλημένα — ἐπιβάλλω throw perf part mp neut nom/voc/acc pl (epic) ἐπιβεβλημένᾱ , ἐπιβάλλω throw perf part mp fem nom/voc/acc dual (epic) ἐπιβεβλημένᾱ , ἐπιβάλλω throw perf part mp fem nom/voc sg (epic doric aeolic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβάλετε — ἐπιβάλλω throw aor imperat act 2nd pl ἐπιβά̱λετε , ἐπιβάλλω throw aor subj act 2nd pl (epic doric) ἐπιβάλλω throw aor ind act 2nd pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβάλλεσθε — ἐπιβάλλω throw pres imperat mp 2nd pl ἐπιβάλλω throw pres ind mp 2nd pl ἐπιβάλλω throw imperf ind mp 2nd pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐπιβάλλετε — ἐπιβάλλω throw pres imperat act 2nd pl ἐπιβάλλω throw pres ind act 2nd pl ἐπιβάλλω throw imperf ind act 2nd pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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